The footing is the part of the foundation that extends down into the ground. The depth and width of the footing are usually determined by a structural engineer based on the size of the structure that will rest on it. The trench for our footing was dug based on the specifications determined by our engineer, Dave Groverman.
Right at the start of the trenching we got some rain which turned the whole area into a mud puddle. Fortunately our soil drains quickly so it didn't delay things too much. It's important for the sides and bottom of the trench to be as square as possible and to hold their shape until the concrete is poured. Again, our soil behaved well and kept its shape unless we stepped on the edge and caused a cave-in.
The corners are dug a little deeper so they will be stronger when the concrete is poured in. The corners take more of the weight load of the structure, so they need the extra strength.
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